Aihua Xu

Spec: add variant type

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Help: #10392 Spec: add variant type Proposal: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QjhpG_SVNPZh3anFcpicMQx90ebwjL7rmzFYfUP89Iw/edit This is to layout the spec for variant type. The specs are placed in Parquet project (see [variant spec](https://github.com/apache/parquet-format/blob/master/VariantEncoding.md) and [shredding spec](https://github.com/apache/parquet-format/blob/master/VariantShredding.md).

Add Variant data type to API module. - Add Variant as a new primitive type - Add the interface for Variant - VariantLike. - Variant type is not supported in...

New Parquet-format release for Variant type

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### Describe the enhancement requested Variant logical type has been added to Parquet.thrift. In order to be used by parquet-format-structures and parquet-hadoop, seems we need to release a new Parquet-format...

### Rationale for this change This is to test out variant implementation in Parquet java against the test cases generated in https://github.com/apache/parquet-testing/pull/91 (test cases from Iceberg) and https://github.com/apache/parquet-testing/pull/94 (test cases...