Drop support for Ruby 3.0, and adopt Rubycritic changes for Ruby 3.1.

[faisal]

While we have not yet dropped support for Ruby 2.7 (EOL'd over a year ago), Ruby 3.0 EOL'd a couple months ago and this PR does the work to move forward from there.

• Drop support for Ruby 3.0.
• Update Rubycritic config to target Ruby 3.1. Apply all safe autocorrections except for Style/HashSyntax.
• Set Rubycritic's Style/HashSyntax EnforcedShorthandSyntax to 'never', which keeps the old style in place (and consistent) until we decide to convert.
• Add Ruby 3.3 to the test matrix and Drop Ruby 3.0.
• Bump minitest, mocha, rubocop dependencies

Check list:

• [X] Add an entry to the changelog
• [X] Squash all commits into a single one
• [X] Describe your PR, link issues, etc.

[faisal]

@etagwerker @nunosilva800 Regarding Rubocop's preference EnforcedShorthandSyntax, I set that to either so as to minimize the change in this PR. Another option would be to adopt that default setting, and let rubocop -a do the safe right thing. What do you think makes sense here?

[faisal]

The failure in 3.4 seems to be an issue with running cucumber on ruby 3.4-dev, and unrelated to this project. I can reproduce it elsewhere, even on null projects.

[faisal]

https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-ruby/issues/1769

This is fixed in main - It will be released in cucumber v10. For now if you stick to ruby 3.3 you should be fine