Features

All software are free, open-source and self-hosted ABOUT | FAQ | WIKI | DISCUSS

DNS query speed 🧪

• AdGuard default DNS resolvers - 60-70 msec
• Public Cloudflare/Quad9/Google DNS Resolvers - 50-70 msec
• This setup/configuration - 5-10 msec

Table of contents

• Requirements
• Install Raspberry Pi OS
  • Access Pi OS with SSH
• Install AdGuard Home
  • Setup devices to work with Adguard
  • Updating Adguard
  • Setting up AdGuard blocklist
    • Add/Remove multiple URLs
  • Uninstall AdGuard
  • Install Pi-hole
  • Install SSL certificate
• Install Unbound
• Install Knot
• Setup DNS security
  • Configure DoH/oDoH
    • DNScrypt proxy
  • Configure DoT on Unbound
    • Configure Stubby and Unbound
  • Configure AdGuard with (DoH/DoT/oDoH)
    • Stable DNS resolving
      • Windows
      • Android
• Install WireGuard
  • Connecting VPN to Android/IOS Phone
  • Connecting VPN to Windows
  • Install OpenVPN
  • Configure WireGuard with adblocking & DNS security
    • Limit traffic
    • Disable all IPv6
  • Test Vpn
• Repository Resources

Requirements

This tutorial is installed on a Raspberry Pi with Debian OS. Other Linux operating system(𝟹𝟸/𝟼𝟺bit), hardware or cloud service can be used.(Raspberry Pi OS is most simple and recommended for Pi. For more experience users, DietPi OS is also recommended)

• A Raspberry Pi 3 or 4 version
• A router that supports port forwarding(most can)
• MicroSD USB card reader
• MicroSD card (8GB or bigger, at least Class 4)
• Ethernet cable
• (Optional if using monitor) MicroHDMI-(RPi 4) or HDMI-(RPi 3)

Install Raspberry Pi OS

Raspberry Pi OS comes in desktop and lite versions(use lite for headless mode). It can be accessed with a monitor/keyboard/mouse or connect via ssh from a terminal.
Raspberry Pi OS cannot be setup through the wizard anymore, the Imager utility is needed to preconfigure an image user account.

• Install Raspberry Pi Imager: https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/

• Download Raspberry Pi OS image: https://www.raspberrypi.org/software/operating-systems/

• Open Pi Imager tool and configure settings in advanced options. Choose image, select microSD card and click Write.

Place SD card into the Raspberry Pi, plug in Ethernet cable and boot up

Access Pi OS with SSH

• Wait for a minute for Pi's first boot up

• Open browser and login router's admin panel(default gateway address)

• Find list of all devices connected to network and copy the IP address of the Raspberry Pi. It will most likely have the hostname raspberrypi

• Open terminal on host machine (Windows powershell or raspcontroller for Android can be used).

Type the following command:

ssh pi@pi's IP address

Use right mouse button to paste text in Windows powerShell.

Type “yes” for fingerprint question, and enter password.

Run in terminal:

sudo apt update -y && sudo apt upgrade -y

Reboot when finished

sudo reboot

⬆ Return to contents ⬆

Install AdGuard Home

Installation scripts are from AdGuard Home main project. Follow to keep updated.
Run one of the following command in terminal:

Stable:

curl -s -S -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/master/scripts/install.sh | sh -s -- -v

Beta - testing version of AdGuard Home. More or less stable versions:

curl -s -S -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/master/scripts/install.sh | sh -s -- -c beta

Edge - newest version of AdGuard Home. New updates are pushed to this channel daily and might not be stable:

curl -s -S -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/master/scripts/install.sh | sh -s -- -c edge

• When installation is finished, it will show the links to your AdGuard home page(Get Started) in terminal

• Choose Eth0 in Listen Interfaces option

• Set up username&password and then login admin panel

Note In general settings, set "Query logs retention" to 24 hours. (I read that for some people logs fill up which slows down Pi and needing a reboot)

Setup devices to work with AdGuard

• For Android/Apple, go to WiFi advanced settings and select static option. In DNS 1 field enter "Pi's IP" address

• For PC/Windows

  • IPv4

  Go to network settings / change adapter options, right click in properties and select "Internet Protocol Version 4(TCP/IPv4)". Enter Pi's IP address in Preferred DNS server.

  • IPv6 (needed for DoH/DoT/oDoH to detect if using it)

  Go to "Internet Protocol Version 6(TCP/IPv6)" Enter ::1

Updating AdGuard

AdGuard Home can be updated from its user interface or manually from command line which I recommend for now.
Use script constructed with update commands[click here].

Setting up AdGuard blocklist

In AdGuard homepage under filters, select DNS blocklist section for adding URLs.

Ultimate blocklists sources :
black-mirror - Automatically maintained malicious host blacklists and false-positive whitelists 👊BIG THANKS👊 to T145

Note Some lists can block important web content. To unblock, go to "Query Log" section, hover cursor over that specific query(look for client IP & time) to show unblock option. The links is automatically created in "Custom filtering rules" example: @@||bitly.com^$important(can add the websites manually as well).

Add/Remove multiple URLs

Only one URL can be added at a time in DNS blocklist with AdGuard for now, but there is a python script to add multiple URLs at once.
Create a new python file(bulkurls.py):

nano bulkurls.py

Then copy and paste script text[click here]. Set your AdGuard credentials and save (control+x then y then enter).

Note If using DietPi install sudo apt-get install python3-pip -y && pip install requests for it is not installed by default.

To run : sudo python3 bulkurls.py
(Reboot when finished)

To remove change add in second of last line to remove in bulkurls.py file.
Or just change it from command line in terminal:

sed -i 's/add_url/remove_url/g' bulkurls.py

# Revert
sed -i 's/remove_url/add_url/g' bulkurls.py

Uninstall AdGuard

Run this script from repo through network using curl in terminal:

curl -s -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/trinib/AdGuard-WireGuard-Unbound-Cloudflare/main/assets/scripts/remove_adguard.sh | sh

Install SSL certificate

If using AdGuard Home on a VPS(Virtual private server), get a SSL certificate to make connection secure and data safe[click here]. In this case your DNS resolver(AdGuard Home) resides outside your network, and your DNS requests have better protection from the third parties.

Install Pi-hole as an alternative[click here]

⬆ Return to contents ⬆

Install Unbound

Note Before installing other DNS resolvers, it is a good idea to turn off systemd-resolved - DNSStubListener(issue#27).

OPTIONAL: Installing via the package manager is the easiest option with automatic updates and stable versions. The downside is that it can be outdated for some distributions or not have all the compile-time options included that you want.
Building and compiling Unbound yourself ensures that you have the latest version and all the compile-time options you desire[click here].

For the version from package manager, run the following command in terminal:

sudo apt install unbound -y

For recursively querying a host that is not cached as an address, the resolver needs to start at the top of the server tree and query the root servers, to know where to go for the top level domain for the address being queried. Unbound comes with default built-in hints.
Download latest:

wget -O root.hints https://www.internic.net/domain/named.root && sudo mv root.hints /var/lib/unbound/

This needs to update every 6 months using cron job.

Enter in command line crontab -e, it will ask select an editor(choose 1), paste these lines at the bottom of crontab and save (control+x then y then enter):

1 0 1 */6 * wget -O root.hints https://www.internic.net/domain/named.root
2 0 1 */6 * sudo mv root.hints /var/lib/unbound/

Note If using DietPi, install resolvconf and restart unbound-resolvconf.service to set default nameserver to 127.0.0.1:

sudo apt-get install resolvconf -y && sudo systemctl restart unbound-resolvconf.service

Install Knot Resolver as an alternative[click here]

⬆ Return to contents ⬆

Setup DNS Security

Configure DoH/oDoH

Option 1 (Simple)

Cloudflare Tunnel[click here]:
(DNS over HTTPS only)

Option 2 (Advanced)

DNScrypt proxy[click here]:

Oblivious DNS Over HTTPS (oDoH) is a newly proposed open-source DNS standard built by engineers from Cloudflare, Apple, and Fastly which is supposed to increase the privacy of already existing DNS Over HTTPS.
Anonymized DNS is a lightweight alternative to Tor and SOCKS proxies, dedicated to DNS traffic. They hide the client IP address to DNS resolvers, providing anonymity in addition to confidentiality and integrity..

Configure DoT on Unbound

Download unbound configuration file with DNS over TLS settings and move it to unbound folder.
Enter in terminal:

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/trinib/AdGuard-WireGuard-Unbound-Cloudflare/main/unbound.conf && sudo mv unbound.conf /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/

• Choose DNS provider[click here]

Configure Stubby and Unbound

Use Unbound for caching and Stubby as a TLS forwarder(if NOT already using with DNScrypt).

OPTIONAL: Building and compiling Stubby yourself ensures that you have the latest version[click here].

Install the version from package manager:

sudo apt install stubby -y

Download stubby configuration file and replace with default one in stubby folder:

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/trinib/AdGuard-WireGuard-Unbound-Cloudflare/main/stubby.yml && sudo mv stubby.yml /etc/stubby/

• Forward Stubby address in Unbound upstreams. Open sudo nano /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/unbound.conf and uncomment Stubby addresses(remove # infront of lines 169&170)
  Or do it from command line:

awk '{sub(/[#]forward-addr: 127.0.0.1@8053/,"forward-addr: 127.0.0.1@8053") || sub(/[#]forward-addr: ::1@8053/,"forward-addr: ::1@8053")}1' /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/unbound.conf > unbound.conf && sudo mv unbound.conf /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/

• Choose DNS provider[click here]

Warning Stubby and DNScrypt should not be used together when both are set to run as a forwarder, else redundant caching will occur.

• Restart unbound & stubby and check status:

sudo systemctl restart unbound stubby ; systemctl status unbound stubby -l

Configure AdGuard with (DoH/DoT/oDoH)

• In AdGuard homepage under settings, select DNS settings

• Delete everything from both Upstream and Bootstrap DNS server options and add the following for:

  • DNS over TLS(unbound/knot) : 127.0.0.1:53

  • DNS over HTTPS/Oblivious DNS over HTTPS :

    • 127.0.0.1:5053(cloudflared tunnel)
    • 127.0.0.1:5353(dnscrypt proxy)

  • TLS forwarder(stubby) : 127.0.0.1:8053

• IMPORTANT: Check "Parallel Request" option for DNS resolvers to work simultaneously.

• Then in DNS setting look for DNS cache configuration section and set cache size to 0 (caching is already handled by Unbound) and click apply.

Click apply and test upstreams

Stable DNS resolving

Note Help resolve multiple DNS servers on Windows system and Android browsers. Linux works fine(tested on ubuntu)

Windows

• Install Acrylic DNS Proxy: https://mayakron.altervista.org/support/acrylic/Home.htm

• Go to C:\Program Files (x86)\Acrylic DNS Proxy and open AcrylicConfiguration.ini file. Delete everything and copy these settings[click here], only change PrimaryServerAddres to your Pi's address.

• In same folder run RestartAcrylicService.bat & PurgeAcrylicCacheData.bat

TIP: Troubleshoot IP/DNS Commands

ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew
ipconfig /flushdns

Android

• In whatever browser is used, turn off Use Secure DNS option if available.

• Try adding Pi's IP address in 2nd DNS field.

• Be aware conflicts can occur with custom rooted roms&kernels with build.prop DNS tweaks or apps/magisk module.

Now go to https://1.1.1.1/help in browser and these options should output 'Yes'.

• [x] Connected to 1.1.1.1
• [x] DNS over HTTPS(DoH)
• [x] DNS over TLS(DoT)
• [ ] DNS over WARP

Other sites to check security

https://browserleaks.com/dns - should show all connected to "Cloudflare"

https://dnssec.vs.uni-due.de/ - should say "Yes, your DNS resolver validates DNSSEC signatures"

https://dnscheck.tools/ - inspect your dns resolvers (DNSSEC using ECDSA P-256,DNSSEC using ECDSA P-384,DNSSEC using Ed25519)

⬆ Return to contents ⬆

Install WireGuard

Warning Before installing WireGuard, if you do not have a static IP it will change dynamically from your internet service provider or from a router reboot. You will need to setup a dynamic DNS service with a hostname to keep automatically up-to-date with a dynamic IP[click here]. Or else skip.
You also need to set up port forwarding on your router so you can access WireGuard network anywhere like a coffee shop hotspot and even from mobile data tethering.

My router port setting:

Other router brands will have a different interface look. Google search it for help. If you cannot connect from a outside network that means your ISP has blocked outcoming connections, call them and ask nicely to unblock.

👊BIG THANKS👊 for this installation script from Nyr. Follow to keep updated.
(PiVPN script can also be used)

Run the following command in terminal:

wget https://git.io/wireguard -O wireguard-install.sh && sudo bash wireguard-install.sh

• The script is going to ask for a Public IPv4/hostname for the VPN. If you have static IP then continue or else type the dynamic DNS hostname that you created from the instructions. For example:trinibvpn.freeddns.org

• For port option press enter for default 51820, set client name and for DNS use option 3 (1.1.1.1) for now.

• Wait until the installation is finished and QR code to show, don't close. But if do, to regenerate qrcode, enter in terminal but replacing just the name yourclientname.conf file to yours:

sudo cp /root/yourclientname.conf /home/pi && sudo qrencode -t ansiutf8 < yourclientname.conf

Warning You will need to add a new client/user for each device used with the VPN(cannot share 1 client to multiple devices). To add, re-run the script and create another user with different client name.

Install OpenVPN as an alternative[click here]

Connecting VPN To Android/IOS Phone

Install the WireGuard app from Google Play or App Store:

WireGuard (Google Play): https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.wireguard.android

WireGuard (App Store): https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wireguard/id1441195209

Scan the QR code shown in the terminal with WireGuard app, select the + button and use the option Scan from QR code to install configuration.

• Enable kernel module backend in settings

Connecting VPN to Windows

WireGuard for windows: https://download.wireguard.com/windows-client/wireguard-installer.exe

• Create a new text document with any name on PC to copy over the text from WireGuard client configuration file.

• To see text in client config file, type in terminal:

sudo cat /root/yourclientname.conf

• Highlight all the text, copy and paste it in the txt file on PC and save. Then rename the extension from txt to conf. Now you have config file for that specific WireGuard client/user.

• Import the config file to WireGuard (import from file option).

Configure WireGuard with adblocking & DNS security

Note I think it might not make much of a difference to use DoT/DoH/oDoH with WireGuard security protocols. Though from my experience and in forums, it does not seem to cause any issues using them together. Mainly this is to achieve adblocking with a VPN on public networks.

• In WireGuard app, select your tunnel name and select edit (pencil on top right)

• Under DNS servers enter Pi's IP(IPv4 & IPv6) and save

Limit traffic

WireGuard will lose a fair percentage of internet speed from the process of tunneling through Linux system, to router and to devices. You need send traffic through your local network only for better speeds[click here].

Disable all IPv6

Disable IPv6 if you don't have it or don't want it[click here]. In result if you have weak internet, disabling IPv6 can speed up dns records and request but have less security.

Test VPN

How to know if WireGuard VPN is really working?

For windows download Wireshark: https://www.wireshark.org/#download

Once downloaded, use the application to inspect data packets where the protocol is set to the one used by WireGuard VPN. When a packet traffic is encrypted, it can be read like this for example:

For android use PCAPdroid: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emanuelef.remote_capture&hl=en&gl=US

You should see all connections closed and status showing all DNS port 53 and not any TLS port 443 connections from all apps. (open and use apps for PCAPdroid to scan)

⬆ Return to contents ⬆

ANY ISSUES, FIXES OR TIPS TO MAKE THESE PROJECTS BETTER PLEASE CONTRIBUTE🤖

Repository Resources

https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/wiki

https://docs.pi-hole.net/

https://developers.cloudflare.com/

https://unbound.docs.nlnetlabs.nl/en/latest/

https://knot-resolver.readthedocs.io/en/stable/#

https://dnsprivacy.org/dns_privacy_clients/

https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki

https://github.com/Nyr/wireguard-install

https://github.com/T145/black-mirror