Testcontainers

Testcontainers is an Elixir library that supports ExUnit tests, providing lightweight, throwaway instances of common databases, Selenium web browsers, or anything else that can run in a Docker container.

Table of Contents

• Prerequisites
• Installation
• Usage
• API Documentation
• Contributing
• License
• Contact

Prerequisites

Before you begin, ensure you have met the following requirements:

• You have installed the latest version of Elixir
• You have a Docker runtime installed
• You are familiar with Elixir and Docker basics

Installation

To add Testcontainers to your project, follow these steps:

1. Add testcontainers to your list of dependencies in mix.exs:

def deps do
  [
    {:testcontainers, "~> x.x.x"}
  ]
end

2. Run mix deps.get

3. Add the following to test/test_helper.exs

Testcontainers.start_link()

Usage

This section explains how to use the Testcontainers library in your own project.

Basic usage

You can use generic container api, where you have to define everything yourself:

{:ok, _} = Testcontainers.start_link()
config = %Testcontainers.Container{image: "redis:5.0.3-alpine"}
{:ok, container} = Testcontainers.start_container(config)

Or you can use one of many predefined containers like RedisContainer, that has waiting strategies among other things defined up front with good defaults:

{:ok, _} = Testcontainers.start_link()
config = Testcontainers.RedisContainer.new()
{:ok, container} = Testcontainers.start_container(config)

ExUnit tests

Given you have added Testcontainers.start_link() to test_helper.exs:

setup 
  config = Testcontainers.RedisContainer.new()
  {:ok, container} = Testcontainers.start_container(config)
  ExUnit.Callbacks.on_exit(fn -> Testcontainers.stop_container(container.container_id) end)
  {:ok, %{redis: container}}
end

there is a macro that can simplify this down to a oneliner:

import Testcontainers.ExUnit

container(:redis, Testcontainers.RedisContainer.new())

In a Phoenix project:

To start a postgres container when running tests, that also enables testing of application initialization with database calls at startup, add this in application.ex:

  # in config/dev.exs:
  config :testcontainers, 
    enabled: true
    database: "hello_dev"

  # in config/test.exs:
  config :testcontainers, 
    enabled: true

  # in lib/hello/application.ex:
  @impl true
  def start(_type, _args) do
    if Application.get_env(:testcontainers, :enabled, false) do
      {:ok, _container} =
        case Application.get_env(:testcontainers, :database) do
          nil ->
            Testcontainers.Ecto.postgres_container(app: :hello)

          database ->
            Testcontainers.Ecto.postgres_container(
              app: :hello,
              persistent_volume_name: "#{database}_data"
            )
        end
    end

    # .. other setup code
  end

  # in mix.exs
  # comment out test alias and setup aliases for ecto
  defp aliases do
    [
      setup: [
        "deps.get", 
        # "ecto.setup",
        "assets.setup", 
        "assets.build"
      ],
      # "ecto.setup": ["ecto.create", "ecto.migrate", "run priv/repo/seeds.exs"],
      # "ecto.reset": ["ecto.drop", "ecto.setup"],
      # test: ["ecto.create --quiet", "ecto.migrate --quiet", "test"],
      # ... SNIP
    ]
  end

This will start a postgres container that will be terminated when the test process ends.

The database config in config/test.exs will be temporarily updated in-memory with the random host port on the container, and other properties like username, password and database. In most cases these will default to "test" unless overridden.

See documentation on Testcontainers.Ecto for more information about the options it can take.

There is an example repo here with a bare bones phoenix application, where the only changes are the use of the ecto function and removing the test alias that interferes with it:

Phoenix example

There is also another example repo without Phoenix, just a bare mix project, which show cases that the ecto dependencies are in fact optional:

Mix project

Logging

By default, Testcontainers doesn't log anything. If you want Testcontainers to log, set the desired log level in config/test.exs:

# config/test.exs

import Config 

config :testcontainers,
  log_level: :warning

API Documentation

For more detailed information about the API, different container configurations, and advanced usage scenarios, please refer to the API documentation.

Contributing

We welcome your contributions! Please see our contributing guidelines (TBD) for more details on how to submit patches and the contribution workflow.

License

Testcontainers is available under the MIT license. See the LICENSE file for more info.

Contact

If you have any questions, issues, or want to contribute, feel free to contact us.

Thank you for using Testcontainers to test your Elixir applications!