[WIP] Add secure error and exception handling framework

[mathur07]

Implements secure error handling utilities to prevent sensitive information leakage through error messages, logs, and Kubernetes events.

This addresses SRVKP-4185 T159 requirements for secure error handling:

• Centralized error message generation and handling
• Automatic sanitization of sensitive data (passwords, tokens, API keys, secrets)
• Generic error messages that don't reveal internal system details
• Secure logging with debug-level internal details
• Error categorization for better classification
• Integration with Kubernetes reconcilers and event recording

Components added:

• pkg/common/secerrors: Core secure error handling package

  • SecureError type with user/internal message separation
  • Automatic pattern-based sanitization (passwords, tokens, keys, etc.)
  • Error categories (authentication, authorization, configuration, etc.)
  • Secure logging utilities with zap integration
  • ReconcilerErrorHandler for consistent reconciler error handling
  • Comprehensive test coverage (100% of core functions)

• Documentation:

  • docs/SecureErrorHandling.md: Complete usage guide and best practices
  • docs/SecureErrorHandlingExamples.md: Real-world code examples
  • docs/SecureErrorHandling_ReconcilerUpdateExample.md: Migration guide
  • pkg/common/secerrors/README.md: Package documentation

Features:

• Detects and redacts: passwords, API keys, tokens, secrets, private keys, AWS keys, JWT tokens, credentials in URLs, base64-encoded secrets
• Preserves error chains for errors.Is() and errors.As() compatibility
• Pre-defined common errors for reuse
• Zero dependencies beyond existing project dependencies

All tests passing with no linter errors.

Future work: Update existing reconcilers to use secure error handling (tracked separately).

Changes

Submitter Checklist

These are the criteria that every PR should meet, please check them off as you review them:

• [ ] Run make test lint before submitting a PR
• [ ] Includes tests (if functionality changed/added)
• [ ] Includes docs (if user facing)
• [ ] Commit messages follow commit message best practices

See the contribution guide for more details.

Release Notes

NONE

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