ru: Translate tuples-and-arrays segment and more

[1dimir]

• Update translation file with the new (2024-05-04) messages.pot version;
• Translate src/types-and-values.md;
• Translate src/types-and-values/*.md;
• Revise a number of fuzzy translations;
• Fix a markdown link in control-flow-basics;
• Preserve some source code in msgstr that shouldn't be translated;
• Translate few schedule and welcome pages items;
• Mention an alternative translation for destructuring: распаковка;
• Translate session timings, use case endings with numbers;

#326