chore: Update to newer geth and tooling in anticipation of Pectra

[ryanschneider]

📝 Summary

While not strictly necessary (we only pull in geth for constants like engine.PayloadStatusV1) it's good to refresh the image w/ latest go and geth to get rid of the dependabot warnings.

⛱ Motivation and Context

Nominally for Pectra, but not strictly necessary.

📚 References

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✅ I have run these commands

• [x] make lint
• [x] make test-race
• [x] go mod tidy
• [x] I have seen and agree to CONTRIBUTING.md