chore(golang): Update to Go 1.22

[ryanschneider]

📝 Summary

Update go.mod to go 1.21+ format w/ toolchain directive and update Docker container to use go 1.22.

⛱ Motivation and Context

Running go mod tidy w/ go 1.22 or higher wants to rewrite the go.mod with the new toolchain directive, which causes go 1.20 to die with an unrecognized directive error.

📚 References

https://go.dev/doc/toolchain

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✅ I have run these commands

• [x] make lint
• [x] make test
• [x] go mod tidy

[ryanschneider]

Forgot to mention this also updates geth to 1.14.7 which is the minimum supported version for go 1.21 and higher.