GH-40312: [Python] Add ListView documentation to user guide

[danepitkin]

Rationale for this change

Add documentation of the new ListView array type.

What changes are included in this PR?

• Update the PyArrow data types documentation page

Are these changes tested?

Yes, built docs locally and verified.

Are there any user-facing changes?

No, unless you count documentation updates as user-facing.

• GitHub Issue: #40312

[github-actions[bot]]

:warning: GitHub issue #40312 has been automatically assigned in GitHub to PR creator.

[danepitkin]

I'm curious if you think anything else should be added to the PyArrow docs for ListView. I didn't see any other places in the user guide worth bringing it up.

[conbench-apache-arrow[bot]]

After merging your PR, Conbench analyzed the 7 benchmarking runs that have been run so far on merge-commit acdf2a7f68409446e42ff37cc8ebbd68736756d0.

There were no benchmark performance regressions. 🎉

The full Conbench report has more details. It also includes information about 6 possible false positives for unstable benchmarks that are known to sometimes produce them.