Preprocessing

[mschmutzhart]

This PR aims to implement the preprocessing techniques suggested in #114 .

So far only elementary simplifications have been added as a program transformation, with a command line option to disable them (dpp).

The viability of more sophisticated simplifications, using equivalence classes, in a lazy grounding setting is still being explored.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: 41 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (d42818a) 70.23% compared to head (9aa03ea) 71.01%. Report is 95 commits behind head on master.

Files	Patch %	Lines
...e/programs/transformation/SimplePreprocessing.java	86.17%	6 Missing and 7 partials :warning:
...ava/at/ac/tuwien/kr/alpha/commons/terms/Terms.java	7.69%	12 Missing :warning:
...ac/tuwien/kr/alpha/core/atoms/IntervalLiteral.java	37.50%	2 Missing and 3 partials :warning:
.../kr/alpha/core/grounder/FactIntervalEvaluator.java	44.44%	2 Missing and 3 partials :warning:
...uwien/kr/alpha/commons/terms/IntervalTermImpl.java	71.42%	2 Missing :warning:
...c/tuwien/kr/alpha/core/solver/TrailAssignment.java	0.00%	2 Missing :warning:
...grams/transformation/ArithmeticTermsRewriting.java	0.00%	0 Missing and 1 partial :warning:
...re/programs/transformation/ChoiceHeadToNormal.java	0.00%	0 Missing and 1 partial :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master     #337      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     70.23%   71.01%   +0.78%     
- Complexity     2123     2192      +69     
============================================
  Files           182      183       +1     
  Lines          8023     8132     +109     
  Branches       1423     1455      +32     
============================================
+ Hits           5635     5775     +140     
+ Misses         2028     1976      -52     
- Partials        360      381      +21     

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