Add division.py with input validation for zero denominator

[kelvinwaringa]

Description

This PR adds a new maths/division.py file with a divide_numbers() function that includes explicit input validation for zero denominators. This addresses issue #13845.

Changes

• Created maths/division.py with divide_numbers() function
• Added explicit validation for zero denominator with clear error message
• Included comprehensive docstring with examples and doctests
• Followed repository coding standards with type hints

Benefits

• Provides clearer error messages for beginners learning about error handling
• Aligns with educational best practices for the repository
• Makes the function more robust and user-friendly

Testing

The function includes doctests that cover:

• Normal division cases (positive, negative, decimal results)
• Zero numerator case
• Zero denominator error case

Related Issue

Fixes #13845