Create quick_sort_with_testing.py

[KPrathamesh-27]

Implemented the quick sort and also included the test cases to check for the edge case where it satisfies the algorithm. "Fixes #ISSUE-12046"

Describe your change:

• [Y] Add an algorithm? Yes, added Quick Sort with testing in Divide and Conquer Folder
• [N] Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm? No
• [N] Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request. No
• [N] Documentation change? No

Checklist:

• [Y] I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• [Y] This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• [Y] I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• [Y] This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• [Y] All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• [Y] All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• [Y] All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• [Y] All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
• [Y] All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
• [Y] All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
• [Y] If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".