add algorithm to check if given string is valid number or not

[reniz-shah]

Add a new file string_is_valid_number.py in string directory

Describe your change:

• [x] Add an algorithm?
• [ ] Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• [ ] Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
• [ ] Documentation change?

Checklist:

• [x] I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• [x] This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• [x] I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• [x] This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• [x] All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• [x] All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• [x] All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• [x] All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
• [x] All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
• [x] All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
• [x] If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

[reniz-shah]

Need to migrate to NumPy 2.0 as ruff tests are failing or need to change test configurations

Below is the error raised by ruff check graphs/multi_heuristic_astar.py:82:12: NPY201 np.chararray will be removed in NumPy 2.0. Use numpy.char.chararray instead.

[cclauss]

Please rebase this pull request on the current master branch.