Add bellman for negative cycle detection

[Mayank29903]

Describe your change:

• [x] Add an algorithm

Added the Bellman-Ford Negative Cycle Detection algorithm in JavaScript.
This algorithm detects if a weighted directed graph contains a negative weight cycle.
It is useful in graph theory and shortest path problems where negative edges may exist.

Checklist:

• [x] I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• [x] This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• [x] I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• [x] This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• [x] All new JavaScript files are placed inside an existing directory.
• [x] All filenames should use the UpperCamelCase (PascalCase) style. There should be no spaces in filenames. Example: UserProfile.js is allowed but userprofile.js, Userprofile.js, user-Profile.js, userProfile.js are not
• [x] All new algorithms have a URL in their comments that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation. Example: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellman%E2%80%93Ford_algorithm
• [ ] If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the commit message contains Fixes: #{$ISSUE_NO}

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

:white_check_mark: All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests. :white_check_mark: Project coverage is 85.97%. Comparing base (08d8c6b) to head (8ed970e).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1822      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   85.91%   85.97%   +0.05%     
==========================================
  Files         379      381       +2     
  Lines       19778    19851      +73     
  Branches     3015     3033      +18     
==========================================
+ Hits        16993    17066      +73     
  Misses       2785     2785              

:umbrella: View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
:loudspeaker: Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

:rocket: New features to boost your workflow:

• :snowflake: Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• :package: JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.