Big aliens usually take less damage from all shotguns than described unexpectedly.
Big aliens includes:
asw_shieldbug
asw_mortarbug
asw_drone_uber
npc_antlionguard // both
asw_harvester
but not includes asw_boomer.
Shotguns includes:
asw_weapon_vindicator
asw_weapon_devastator
asw_weapon_shotgun
asw_weapon_combat_rifle // alt-fire
For example:
Default damage of Jaeger's vindicator:
105 + 70
The damage that a Mortarbug takes from Jaeger's vindicator:
usually 77, sometimes 154
Ricochet Rifle altfire too.
To quote myself (just added Combat Rifle altfire to the list, thanks to this post):
Vindicator has -55% damage against bigger-than-Ranger aliens except Boomers; Desert Eagle/Bulldog -50% but instakills Rangers; Pump Shotgun, Devastator, Combat Rifle altfire and Ricochet Rifle altfire -40%; Mining Laser -60% but only -50% to Uber Drone, while being extra strong against rocks and instakilling biomass; Heavy Rifle +30%; Twin Pistols deal HP% damage on successive shots to Drones and Uber Drones (except electric ones in Accident 32), enough to 2-shot regular Drones on Brutal no matter marine's damage bonus; Queen has extra resistances to many weapons.
Some of these are convars:
"rd_deagle_bigalien_dmg_scale" = "0.5" client cheat replicated - Used to scale down desert eagles damage against Shieldbug, Mortarbug, Harvester, Drone Uber, Queen "rd_heavy_rifle_bigalien_dmg_scale" = "1.3" client cheat replicated - Used to scale up heavy rifle's damage against Shieldbug, Mortarbug, Harvester, Drone Uber, Queen "rd_pistols_uber_drone_additional_damage_health_percent" = "12" game cheat - Special pistol bullets provide additional damage over heavy drones
Couldn't guess the names for the rest.
several entity types have hard-coded damage resistances in their OnTakeDamage handlers and it'd probably be good to explicitly make armor types and then document what those do somewhere in the game's UI