Informative prior on Pf in EnKF and TWEnF

[mdietze]

Description

https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-20-0101.1 presents an interesting idea for estimating Pf as the weighted mean of the current instantaneous Pf at that point in time and the long-term mean Pf ("background", B), with the weighting between the two determined by an estimated parameter, alpha. This strikes me as mathematically equivalent to using B as a prior on Pf with an empirically estimated prior inflation factor. The latter seems worth exploring in PEcAn SDA code.

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